Patrones de heterocromatina en cuatro especies diploides de Zephyranthes con diferentes números básicos de cromosomas (Amaryllidaceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14522/darwiniana.2023.112.1124Palabras clave:
Bandeo cromosómico, cariotipo, disploidía, heterocromatina rica en guanina-citosinaResumen
Diversos cariotipos especie-específicos han sido reportados en Zephyranthes Herb., así como también varios números básicos de cromosomas (x = 5, 6, 7 y 9) aunque el más frecuente es x = 6. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el patrón de heterocromatina constitutiva (C-Het) de los cariotipos de cuatro especies diploides de Zephyranthes. Se presenta por primera vez un análisis citomolecular de los cariotipos de Z. andalgalensis (2n = 2x = 12 = 4 m + 2 sm), Z. chacoensis (2n = 2x = 12 = 3 m + 2 sm +
1 st), Z. robusta (2n = 2x = 12 = 3 m + 2 sm + 1 st), y Z. pedunculosa (2n = 2x = 14 = 1 m + 3 sm + 3 st). Se encontró que todas las especies estudiadas exhiben bandas terminales CMA+ terminal que pueden ser distinguidas por su patrón heterocromático. Curiosamente, también se encontraron bandas intersticiales DAPI+ en el cariotipo de Z. robusta. Los cuatro patrones C-Het de Zephyranthes analizados muestran que las especies diploides tienen poca heterocromatina rica en guanina-citosina, que generalmente se asocia con satélites terminales, y que la heterocromatina rica en adenina-timina es rara. Se discute en el presente estudio el cambio evolutivo disploide entre dos números cromosómicos básicos (x = 6 y 7).
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