Taxonomic revision of Hypochaeris (Compositae: Cichorieae) in Uruguay

Ary Mailhos; J. Mauricio Bonifacino; Eduardo Marchesi

doi:10.14522/darwiniana.2023.112.1161

Authors

Ary Mailhos Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Garzón 780, CP 12900, Montevideo, Uruguay. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9991-1186
J. Mauricio Bonifacino Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Garzón 780, CP 12900, Montevideo, Uruguay. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0377-3853
Eduardo Marchesi Bernardo Rosengurtt Herbarium (MVFA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Garzón 780, CP 12900, Montevideo, Uruguay. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7091-580X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14522/darwiniana.2023.112.1161

Keywords:

Asteraceae, Cichorioideae, flora, Hypochaeridinae, taxonomy

Abstract

The taxonomic revision of Hypochaeris L. (Compositae: Cichorieae) for Uruguay is presented. Specimens from the main herbaria of the country were reviewed, field trips were carried out to study the species “in situ” throughout the country, and all reference publications and original material for each species were reviewed. A list of all species present in Uruguay is included together with their respective synonyms, expanded descriptions, distribution maps, habitat and phenological data, taxonomic and nomenclatural observations, as well plates with images and illustrations highlighting the most relevant morphological characters of each. Additionally, dichotomous and virtual keys are provided for the identification of the sections, series and species of the genus in Uruguay. The genus Hypochaeris in Uruguay comprises 11 species, two exotic (Hypochaeris sect. Hypochaeris), and nine native to the territory (Hypochaeris sect. Phanoderis), two of which are considered priorities for conservation in Uruguay. The name H. rosengurttii is reinstated as a species and the species H. pampasica is recorded for the first time in the country, while H. lutea and H. neopinnatifida are excluded. The taxonomic complexities surrounding the name H. microcephala are discussed, as well as the presence of hybrid taxa within the genus and their taxonomic implications.

References

Arechavaleta, J. 1906. Flora Uruguaya: Enumeración y descripción breve de las plantas conocidas hasta hoy y de algunas nuevas que nacen espontáneamente y viven en la República Oriental del Uruguay, tomo 3. Anales del Museo Nacional de Montevideo 6: 1-502.

Azevêdo-Gonçalves, C. F. & N. I. Matzenbacher. 2005a. Taxonomic notes in Hypochaeris L. (Asteraceae). Compositae Newsletter 42: 1-4.

Azevêdo-Gonçalves, C. F. & N. I. Matzenbacher. 2005b. Três híbridos naturais no gênero Hypochaeris L. (Asteraceae) no Sul do Brasil. Hoehnea 32(3): 361-368.

Azevêdo-Gonçalves, C. F. & N. I. Matzenbacher. 2006. Notas nomenclaturais em Hypochaeris L. (Asteraceae). Pesquisas, Botânica 57: 157-159.

Azevêdo-Gonçalves, C. F. & N. I. Matzenbacher. 2007. O gênero Hypochaeris L. (Asteraceae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Botânica, 62(1-2): 55-88.

Bogler, D. J. 2006. Hypochaeris, in Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.), Flora of North America North of Mexico (Online) 19: https://floranorthamerica.org/Hypochaeris [consulted June 2023].

Bougainville, L. A. de. 1772. A Voyage Round the World, Performed by Order of His Most Christian Majesty, in the years 1766, 1767, 1768, and 1769, transl. J. R. Forster. London: J. Nourse & T. Davies.

Cabrera, A. L. 1937. Compuestas argentinas nuevas o interesantes. Notas del Museo de La Plata, Botanica 2(16): 171-204.

Cabrera, A. L. 1938. Compuestas austroamericanas nuevas o críticas. Notas del Museo de La Plata, Botánica 3(20): 147-154.

Cabrera, A. L. 1941. Compuestas bonaerenses. Revisión de las compuestas de Buenos Aires la capital federal y la isla Martín García. Revista del Museo de La Plata (Nueva Serie), Botánica 4(17): 1-460.

Cabrera, A. L. 1963. Estudios sobre el género Hypochoeris. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 10(2-3): 166-195.

Cabrera, A. L. 1974. Hypochoeris, in A. Burkart (dir.), Flora Ilustrada de Entre Ríos (Argentina): volume 6, pp. 512-525. Buenos Aires: Colección Científica del INTA.

Cabrera, A. L. 1976. Materiales para una revisión del género Hypochoeris L. Hypochoeris chillensis (H. B. K.) Hieron. Darwiniana 20(3-4): 312-322.

Cabrera, A. L.; J. V. Crisci, G. Delucchi, S. E. Freire, D. A. Giuliano, L. Iharlegui, L. Katinas, A. A. Sáenz, G. Sancho & E. Urtubey. 2000. Catálogo ilustrado de las Compuestas (=Asteraceae) de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina: sistemática, ecología y usos. C. A. Zavaro (ed.), ProBiota 1; Cobiobo 2: 1-136.

Del Puerto, O.; P. Davies & E. Sequeira. 1990. Los nombres comunes de las plantas de la región platense. Montevideo: Universidad de la República, departamento de publicaciones.

Enke, N.; B. Gemeinholzer & C. Zidorn. 2012. Molecular and phytochemical systematics of the subtribe Hypochaeridinae (Asteraceae, Cichorieae). Organisms Diversity & Evolution 12(1): 1-16.

Freire, S. E. & L. Iharlegui. 2000. Ejemplares tipo de Asteraceae (= Compositae) de A. L. Cabrera. Darwiniana 38(3-4): 307-364.

Funk, V. A.; A. Susanna, T. F. Stuessy & H. Robinson. 2009. Classification of Compositae, in V. A. Funk, A. Susanna, T. F. Stuessy & R. J. Bayer (eds.), Systematics, Evolution, and Biogeography of Compositae, pp. 171-189. Vienna: International Association for Plant Taxonomy.

Gibert, J. E. 1873. Enumeratio plantarum sponte nascentium agro Montevidensi. Montevideo: Sumptibus Societatis ‘La Asociación Rural del Uruguay’.

Herter, G. 1930. Estudios botánicos en la Región Uruguaya. Florula Uruguayensis, Plantas vasculares vol. 4. Montevideo: Imprenta Nacional.

Hilliard, O. M. & B. L. Burtt. 1970. Notes on some plants of Southern Africa chiefly from Natal: I. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 30(1): 109-128.

Hitchcock, A. S. & M. L. Green. 1929. The application of Linnean generic names to be determined by means of specified standard-species, in Proposals by British Botanists, International Botanical Congress, Cambridge (England) 1930, pp. 110-199. London: Wyman & sons, Ltd.

Jung, M. J.; M. J. Wu & S. W. Chung. 2009. Three newly naturalized plants in Taiwan. Taiwania 54(4): 391-398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2009.54(4).391

Jung, M. J.; C. W. Chen & S. W. Chung. 2010. Two newly naturalized plants in Taiwan. Taiwania 55(4): 412-416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2010.55(4).412

Kilian, N.; B. Gemeinholzer & H. W. Lack. 2009. Cichorieae, in V. A. Funk, A. Susanna, T. F. Stuessy & R. J. Bayer (eds.), Systematics, Evolution, and Biogeography of Compositae, pp. 343-383. Vienna: International Association for Plant Taxonomy.

Kilian, N.; R. Hand & E. von Raab-Straube (eds.). [continuously updated, consulted 2023] Cichorieae Systematics Portal, https://cichorieae.e-taxonomy.net/portal/

Larrañaga, D. A. 1922. Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga, tomo 1. Montevideo: Instituto Histórico y Geográfico del Uruguay.

Larrañaga, D. A. 1923. Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga, tomo 2. Montevideo: Instituto Histórico y Geográfico del Uruguay.

Lawrence, G. H. M. 1951. Taxonomy of Vascular Plants. New York: The Macmillan Company.

Lombardo, A. 1983. Flora Montevidensis, tomo 2. Montevideo: Intendencia Municipal de Montevideo.

Mandel, J. R.; R. B. Dikow, C. M. Siniscalchi, R. Thapa, L. E. Watson & V. A. Funk. 2019. A fully resolved backbone phylogeny reveals numerous dispersals and explosive diversifications throughout the history of Asteraceae. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116(28): 14083-14088. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.190387111

Marchesi, E.; E. Alonso, C. Brussa, L. Delfino, M. García & F. Haretche. 2013. Plantas vasculares. Especies prioritarias para la conservación en Uruguay, in A. Soutullo, C. Clavijo & J. A. Martínez Lanfranco (eds.), Vertebrados, moluscos continentales y plantas vasculares, pp. 26-71. Montevideo: snap/dinama/mvotma y dicyt/mec.

Matzenbacher, N. I. 1998. O Complexo “Senecionoide” (Asteraceae - Senecioneae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Ph.D. diss., Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.

Parker, J. S. 1975. Aneuploidy and isolation in two Hypochoeris species. Chromosoma 52(1). 89-101.

Pruski, J. F. 2011. Hypochaeris microcephala var. albiflora (Hypochaeris albiflora: Asteraceae), new for the vascular flora of Mississippi and its distribution in North America. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 5(1): 345-348.

Reck, M.; L. M. Benício, E. A. Ruas, L. A. Rodrigues, P. M. Ruas, M. A. Ortiz, S. Talavera, E. Urtubey, T. F. Stuessy, H. Weiss-Schneeweiss, K. Tremetsberger, V. S. Michelan, N. I. Matzenbacher, A. L. L. Vanzela, A. Terrab, R. Samuel & C. F. Ruas. 2011. Karyotype and AFLP data reveal the phylogenetic position of the Brazilian endemic Hypochaeris catharinensis (Asteraceae). Plant systematics and evolution 296(3): 231-243. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-011-0490-7

Samuel, R.; T. F. Stuessy, K. Tremetsberger, C. M. Baeza & S. Siljak-Yakovlev. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships among species of Hypochaeris (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) based on ITS, plastid trnL intron, trnL-F spacer, and matK sequences. American Journal of Botany 90(3): 496-507. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.90.3.496

Samuel, R.; W. Gutermann, T. F. Stuessy, C. F. Ruas, H. W. Lack, K. Tremetsberger, S. Talavera, B. Hermanowski & F. Ehrendorfer. 2006. Molecular phylogenetics reveals Leontodon (Asteraceae, Lactuceae) to be diphyletic. American Journal of Botany 93(8): 1193-1205. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.8.1193

South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). 2016. Botanical Database of Southern Africa (BODATSA). https://posa.sanbi.org [consulted June 2023].

Thiers, B. [continuously updated, consulted 2023] Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium, https://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih

Thompson, I. R. 2007. A taxonomic treatment of tribe Lactuceae (Asteraceae) in Australia. Muelleria 25: 59-100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/p.292235

Tremetsberger, K.; H. Weiss-Schneeweiss, T. F. Stuessy, R. Samuel, G. Kadlec, M. Á. Ortiz & S. Talavera. 2005. Nuclear ribosomal DNA and karyotypes indicate a NW African origin of South American Hypochaeris (Asteraceae, Cichorieae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35(1): 102-116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2004.12.022

Tremetsberger, K.; T. F. Stuessy, G. Kadlec, E. Urtubey, C. M. Baeza, S. G. Beck, H. A. Valdebenito, C. F. Ruas & N. I. Matzenbacher. 2006. AFLP phylogeny of South American species of Hypochaeris (Asteraceae, Lactuceae). Systematic Botany 31(3): 610-626. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364406778388520

Tremetsberger, K.; B. Gemeinholzer, H. Zetzsche, S. Blackmore, N. Kilian & S. Talavera. 2013. Divergence time estimation in Cichorieae (Asteraceae) using a fossil-calibrated relaxed molecular clock. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 13(1): 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-012-0094-2

Urtubey, E.; K. Tremetsberger, C. Baeza, P. López-Sepúlveda, C. König, R. Samuel, H. Weiss-Schneeweiss, T. F. Stuessy, M. Á. Ortiz, M. Talavera, S. Talavera, A. Terrab, C. F. Ruas, N. I. Matzenbacher, A. N. Muellner-Riehl & Y.-P. Guo. 2019. Systematics of Hypochaeris section Phanoderis (Asteraceae, Cichorieae). Systematic Botany Monographs 106: 1-200.

Weiss-Schneeweiss, H.; K. Tremetsberger, G. M. Schneeweiss, J. S. Parker & T. F. Stuessy. 2008. Karyotype diversification and evolution in diploid and polyploid South American Hypochaeris (Asteraceae) inferred from rDNA localization and genetic fingerprint data. Annals of Botany 101(7): 909-918. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcn023

Wulff, A. F. 1992. Hibridación natural entre especies sudamericanas de Hypochoeris (Asteraceae). Darwiniana 31(1-4): 167-171.